国产av不卡一区二区_欧美xxxx做受欧美_成年人看的毛片_亚洲第一天堂在线观看_亚洲午夜精品久久久中文影院av_8x8ⅹ国产精品一区二区二区_久久精品国产sm调教网站演员_亚洲av综合色区无码一二三区_成人免费激情视频_国产九九九视频

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語(yǔ)Fran?ais
World
Home / World / China-Africa

Unmasked: The face of the real debt trap maker

By CHEN YINGQUN | China Daily | Updated: 2022-08-29 07:39
Share
Share - WeChat
Yuan Wanfu, project manager for the East Ring Road expansion project in Nairobi, examines an engineering drawing at a construction site in April. [Photo/Xinhua]

According to preliminary figures, between 2000 and 2020 China helped African countries build more than 13,000 kilometers of roads and railways and more than 80 large-scale power facilities, funded more than 130 medical facilities, 45 sports venues and more than 170 schools, and trained more than 160,000 professionals across various fields in Africa.

The Nairobi Expressway project built by Chinese companies in Kenya through a public-private partnership has created more than 6,000 local jobs and benefited more than 200 subcontractors and several hundred local suppliers. The Kenyan government speaks highly of the project, commending it as an important manifestation of mutually beneficial collaboration between Kenya and China, the report said.

China also attaches great importance to the debt sustainability of projects. In 2017 it signed the Guiding Principles on Financing the Development of the Belt and Road with 26 countries taking part in the BRI. In 2019 China unveiled the Debt Sustainability Framework for Participating Countries of the Belt and Road Initiative. The framework, based on the debt situation and the repayment ability of debtor countries, and following the principles of equal-footed consultation, compliance with laws and regulations, openness and transparency, aims to strengthen monitoring and assessment of the economic, social and livelihood benefits of the projects, and channels sovereign loans into areas with high yields, to ensure the long-term returns of the projects. China has also endeavored to reduce the burdens of debtor countries.

Mostak Ahamed Galib, director of cross-cultural communication and the BRI research center at Wuhan University of Technology, said Western countries are making groundless accusations of China creating a debt trap.

There are two main ways for developing countries to obtain international help, he said, one being technical assistance and the other financial assistance. In terms of technical assistance, China is leading in international engineering, procurement and construction contracting projects.

"About seven to eight of the top 10 companies listed by the Engineering News Record, widely considered as the most authoritative academic research and ranking in the field of engineering and construction, over the past 10 years are Chinese companies," he said.

"So it is not surprising that there are more opportunities for Chinese companies when it comes to engineering contracts."

It is also worth noting that when Chinese companies conduct international projects they usually bring in local companies as subcontractors to work with them so the local company can gain experience and technologies to take part in big projects and then be able to gradually undertake big projects themselves, he said.

Financial assistance usually includes grants, soft loans, commercial loans and hybrid loans. Apart from grants, on which interest is not paid, other loans require recipient countries to pay a certain rate of interest and repay the loan within a certain time. However, no matter what kind of loan agreement is signed, it is fully based on mutual negotiation between the lender and the borrower, and there is no possibility of a so-called debt trap and deliberate deception.

To those who accuse China of engaging in colonialism based on debtors being unable to repay loans, Galib said that is also a smear.

"In port construction, for example, if the debtor countries find themselves unable to repay the loan on schedule, the port may be carried out within a certain time in the lease. This is not colonialism but is similar to a commonly seen project contracting model switching from the build and transfer mode to the build, operate and transfer mode."

Those leveling the debt trap allegation deliberately ignore the fact that a lot of China's lending is in the form of grants or soft loans, Galib said.

"China itself is still a developing country, but there is debt relief for other borrowers who cannot repay on time."

The Belt and Road Initiative is not creating debt traps but opportunities for collaboration and development, he said. Countries involved should seize opportunities the BRI provides to improve their infrastructure construction, strive to become industrial and commercial centers in the region, and use the convenience of connectivity to improve their economic and trade levels and people's living standards.

He cited the China-built Padma Multipurpose Bridge in his country, Bangladesh, which opened to the public in June, cutting travel times from parts of the southwest of the country to the capital Dhaka from seven to eight hours to as little as 10 minutes.

The bridge is expected to raise Bangladesh's GDP by more than 1 percent a year, benefiting about 30 million people in 21 southwestern districts of the country, the Centre for Policy Dialogue, a think tank in Dhaka, said.

For Clayton Hazvinei Vhumbunu, a research fellow in International Relations at the University of Pretoria in South Africa, figures are more eloquent than Western talk of debt traps.

He cited a report last month by Debt Justice in the UK based on computations from the World Bank International Debt Statistics Database revealing that just 12 percent of African governments' external debt is owed to Chinese lenders, and 39 percent is owed to multilateral institutions, while 35 percent is owed to private lenders, excluding Chinese private creditors.

The Debt Justice calculations also show that the average interest rate on private sector loans is 5 percent, compared with 2.7 percent on loans from Chinese public and private lenders.

"Progressive discussions on the African development and debt discourse should transcend beyond narrow arguments on debt relief, debt restructuring, debt forgiveness, debt cancellations, debt swaps or debt haircuts," Vhumbunu said. "Rather, the focus and emphasis should be on how African countries can adopt strategic socioeconomic development models that sustainably transform their economies into industrialized, modernized and prosperous countries."

Xinhua contributed to this story.

|<< Previous 1 2 3   
Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
久久久国产精品x99av| 国产毛片毛片| 欧美亚洲国产日韩2020| 日韩一区二区三区在线播放| 亚洲欧美国产高清va在线播| 91精品国产欧美一区二区成人 | 亚洲精品手机在线| 2025国产精品视频| 久久精品青青大伊人av| 影音先锋日韩有码| 尤物yw午夜国产精品视频| 日韩精品中文在线观看| 亚洲第一视频网站| 亚洲国产精品va在线看黑人| 精品女同一区二区| 欧美乱妇15p| 欧美久久久久久久久久| 欧美日本一区二区三区| 欧美性大战久久| 色综合天天综合给合国产| 国产欧美一区二区精品性色| 国产日韩欧美激情| 中文成人av在线| 国产精品美女久久久久久2018| 日本一区二区不卡视频| 中国av一区二区三区| 国产精品美日韩| 亚洲欧美一区二区久久| 国产精品久久久久久久蜜臀| 久久久99精品久久| 91香蕉视频污| 国产嫩草影院久久久久| 欧美国产欧美综合| 欧美日韩破处视频| 亚洲影院在线| 在线免费一区三区| 美女网站免费观看| 秋霞午夜一区二区三区视频| 欧美国产成人精品| 在线视频亚洲色图| 成人日韩精品| caoporn国产一区二区| 在线不卡国产精品| 国产一区二区三区福利| 欧美激情aⅴ一区二区三区| 一区二区三区四区不卡视频| 久久成年人视频| 黄色av地址| 亚洲美女色播| 91亚洲精品一区二区乱码| 国产在线资源| av黄色免费| 黄页网址在线观看| 欧美偷拍视频| 成人影院www在线观看| 国模私拍视频在线播放| 在线看一区二区| 欧美精品视频www在线观看| 欧美亚洲图片小说| 日韩三级在线观看| 亚洲人成网站免费播放| 不卡av在线网站| 欧美性视频网站| 国产片乱18免费| jizzjizz丝袜老师| 满满都是荷尔蒙韩剧在线观看| 国产在线一在线二| 欧洲性视频在线播放| 成人视屏在线观看| 国产伦乱精品| 91成人观看| 国产手机视频一区二区| 国产曰批免费观看久久久| av福利精品导航| 亚洲欧美综合另类在线卡通| 亚州成人在线电影| 欧美精品在线一区二区| 亚洲欧美日韩国产精品| 欧美丰满少妇xxxxx| 国产91精品不卡视频| 欧美成人禁片在线观看网址| 九九夜夜操妹子| 欧美精品一区二区三区涩爱蜜| h短视频大全在线观看| 都市激情在线视频| 松下纱荣子在线观看| 精品乱码一区二区三区四区| 日韩影视高清在线观看| 中文字幕日韩一区二区不卡 | 中文字幕在线视频网| 欧美成人片在线| 欧美另类tv| 黄色免费看网站| 国产精品美女久久福利网站| 成人一道本在线| 国产色产综合产在线视频| 久久久久久青草| 在线日韩中文| 欧美男gay| 狠狠入ady亚洲精品| 午夜亚洲性色福利视频| 成人午夜激情影院| 亚洲影视资源网| 日韩欧美电影一二三| 久久精品国产69国产精品亚洲| 四虎影视最新网址| 7777狠狠狠琪琪电影| 美女做暖暖视频免费在线观看全部网址91| 四季久久免费一区二区三区四区| 在线日韩三级| 希岛爱理一区二区三区| 麻豆视频观看网址久久| 国产精品久久久久久久久晋中| 色综合久久久久网| 亚洲天堂色网站| 中文字幕第五页| 能看av的网址| 国产在线一区二区视频| 国产一区二区三区视频在线| 一区二区影院| 国产福利一区二区三区视频在线| 夜夜嗨av一区二区三区| 亚洲福利视频网| 国产91精品久久久久久| 国产xxxxx18| 精品国产白色丝袜高跟鞋| 国产精品黄色片| 久久久久美女| bt欧美亚洲午夜电影天堂| 日韩欧美综合在线视频| 一本一本久久a久久精品综合小说 一本一本久久a久久精品牛牛影视 | jizz在线播放| 快射视频在线观看| 亚洲一级大片| 亚洲性人人天天夜夜摸| 久久这里只有精品6| 欧美日韩一区不卡| 精品中文字幕乱| 一区二区三区四区视频精品免费 | 日韩在线免费| 国产精品久久久久久久久久白浆| 欧美亚洲在线| 国产精品久久久久久久久动漫 | 日韩美女视频在线| 日本一线产区和二线产区| 日本调教视频在线观看| 欧美日韩黄视频| 亚洲精品一区二区在线播放∴| 亚洲人成电影在线| 亚洲美女色禁图| eeuss免费天堂影院| 亚洲成人激情视频| 久久精品电影网| 免费a级片网站| 国产原创在线观看| 久久丁香四色| 日韩电影网1区2区| 亚洲一本大道在线| 亚洲欧洲日产国码av系列天堂| 国产视频1区| av中文在线| 日韩精品亚洲专区在线观看| 久久一区二区三区四区五区| 最新不卡av在线| 亚洲人成电影网| 岛国片免费观看| 黑人精品视频| 国产91一区| www.亚洲色图| 欧美一区二区黄色| 男女午夜激烈无遮挡| 在线观看免费观看在线91| 欧洲成人一区| 亚洲欧美日韩专区| 亚洲成人激情av| 久久手机精品视频| 好紧好硬好湿我太爽了| 91大神在线观看线路一区| 在线观看国产精品入口| 91麻豆精东视频| 欧美日韩国产乱码电影| 91av在线网站| 午夜日韩在线观看| 在线亚洲激情| 成人的网站免费观看| 日韩欧美极品在线观看| 欧美激情xxxx| 男女无套免费网站| 天堂久久午夜av| 国产精品人人爽人人做我的可爱| 久久久青草青青国产亚洲免观| 欧美精品一区二区三区很污很色的| 一色屋成人免费精品网站| 成年人视频在线看| 九色精品91| 91丨国产丨九色丨pron| 亚洲高清在线观看| 三级黄在线观看| 麻豆mv在线看| 在线亚洲精品| 精品福利樱桃av导航| 午夜伦理精品一区| 国产人成在线观看| 特黄特色欧美大片| 99综合电影在线视频| 精品国产精品一区二区夜夜嗨| 国产黄色小视频| 国产盗摄——sm在线视频| 一区在线视频| 一区二区高清视频在线观看| 自拍偷拍亚洲在线| 美女网站在线| 欧美激情极品| 久久影院视频免费| 国产午夜精品免费一区二区三区| 成人avav在线| 两个人看的在线视频www| 精品一成人岛国片在线观看| 久久久精品影院| 亚洲另类图片色| 人人干人人草| 欧美极品免费| 久久精品女人| 欧美日韩中文字幕一区二区| 77777_亚洲午夜久久多人| 国产一区二区三区久久精品| 亚洲一区二区毛片| 欧美福利在线播放网址导航| 国产mv日韩mv欧美| 日韩欧美国产综合一区 | 日韩欧美国产一区二区三区| 青青草娱乐视频| 黄色成人小视频| 精品综合免费视频观看| 日韩欧美一区二区视频| china中国猛gary| 天堂久久av| xnxx国产精品| www.欧美三级电影.com| 一级片在线视频| 伊人久久大香线蕉av不卡| 久久久精品日韩欧美| 最近的2019中文字幕免费一页 | 亚洲黄页视频免费观看| 黄网视频在线观看| 欧美性www| 国产成人精品免费| 精品一区二区三区三区| 成人xxx免费视频播放| fc2ppv素人在线| 欧美极品美女电影一区| 亚洲国产cao| 日韩精品在线免费播放| 日韩日韩日韩日韩| 奇米色欧美一区二区三区| 亚洲女性喷水在线观看一区| 97精品在线视频| ririsao久久精品一区| 蜜桃视频在线观看一区| 亚洲的天堂在线中文字幕| 美女在线一区| 成人在线丰满少妇av| 亚洲国产精品视频| 久久精品亚洲7777影院| 国产91欧美| 成人av在线看| 亚洲欧美日韩一区二区在线 | 美腿丝袜亚洲三区| 欧美一区二区三区人| 天天草夜夜操| av在线播放一区| 久久aⅴ国产欧美74aaa| 日韩av一区在线| 天堂91在线| 亚洲午夜一区| 69堂成人精品免费视频| 嫩草www视频在线观看高清| 91综合久久爱com| 亚洲乱码中文字幕综合| 在线观看精品视频一区二区三区| 免费毛片b在线观看| 国产69精品久久777的优势| 久久精品成人欧美大片古装| 成人日日夜夜| 国内精品自线一区二区三区视频| 亚洲天堂第一页| 亚洲视频tv| 国产精品日韩| 亚洲精品v欧美精品v日韩精品| 欧美久久一二三四区| 91麻豆免费视频| 日韩精品电影网| 免费一级在线观看| 亚洲国产专区校园欧美| 日韩视频在线你懂得| 91青娱乐在线视频| 欧美精品午夜| 欧美成人女星排行榜| 伊人影院在线播放| 日韩视频在线一区二区三区 | 中文在线一二区| 国产综合欧美| 欧美人狂配大交3d怪物一区| www.操操操| 日本电影一区二区| 欧美日韩免费视频| 久草在线官网| 亚洲精品婷婷| 亚洲另类激情图| av片在线观看网站| 狠狠久久亚洲欧美| 久久这里只有精品99| 国产极品在线观看| 99精品久久只有精品| 性色av一区二区三区免费| av一区在线| 国产精品伦一区| 99国产牛牛视频在线网站| 国产精品毛片无码| 一区二区在线观看不卡| 人人干人人爱人人爱| 成人情趣视频| 欧美一区二区国产| 免费理论片在线观看播放老| 丝袜亚洲另类欧美| 色婷婷综合久久久久| 91福利在线尤物| 国产亚洲欧美色| 国产三级做爰高清在线| 日韩美女精品| 欧美视频精品在线| 在线视频观看你懂的| 丝瓜av网站精品一区二区| 中文字幕日韩av| 欧美极品videos大乳护士| 久久一夜天堂av一区二区三区 | 免费观看欧美成人禁片| 国产欧美自拍一区| 色噜噜夜夜夜综合网| a4yy在线播放免费观看视频| 亚洲国产精品久久久天堂| 亚洲激情视频在线观看| 91社区在线观看播放| 奇米在线7777在线精品| 免费91麻豆精品国产自产在线观看| 亚洲第一av| 专区另类欧美日韩| 色中色777| 91精品啪在线观看国产81旧版| 亚洲国产精品资源| 黄色在线播放网站| 久久夜色精品一区| www.91视频| 久久精品av| 亚洲精品久久久久久久久久久久久| 成人免费观看视频大全| 久久蜜桃av一区二区天堂| 国产成人精品久久一区二区小说 | 日本黄色片在线观看| 在线一区二区三区精品| 黄色网址在线免费| 国产成人精品免费网站| 男人操女人在线观看| 吉吉日韩欧美| 日韩深夜福利网站| 日韩久久电影| 欧美少妇性性性| 爱久久·www| 成人三级在线视频| 国内精品久久久久久影院8f| 你懂的在线观看一区二区| 欧美夫妻性生活| 国产黄色在线网站| 不卡一区二区三区四区| 国产精品视频h| 日韩中文字幕高清在线观看| 国产丝袜视频一区| 国产日韩欧美一区二区三区视频| 免费看黄色的网站| 欧美精品密入口播放| 欧美另类变人与禽xxxxx| 免费网站黄在线观看| 久久久夜色精品亚洲| www.狠狠操| 日韩国产一区二| 狠狠鲁男人天堂| 狠狠色狠狠色综合婷婷tag| 亚洲精品国产精品国自产在线| 国产丝袜精品丝袜| 亚洲综合一二区| 宅男视频免费在线观看视频| 国产宾馆实践打屁股91| 日韩欧美中文一区| 久热精品视频在线免费观看| 色婷婷综合久久久中字幕精品久久| 一区二区视频免费在线观看| 一级特黄特色的免费大片| 国产成人啪午夜精品网站男同| 久久免费区一区二区三波多野 | 日韩精品亚洲aⅴ在线影院|