胡錦濤：提出“和諧世界”理念

2005年聯(lián)合國60周年華誕時，時任中國國家主席胡錦濤出席了聯(lián)合國首腦會議。當(dāng)時進(jìn)入大國外交和國際舞臺不過二三年時間的胡錦濤展現(xiàn)出的揮灑自如和信心十足的大國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人形象，吸引了國際媒體的廣泛關(guān)注。

胡錦濤發(fā)表了題為《努力建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界》的重要講話，全面闡述中國對當(dāng)前國際形勢及重大國際問題的看法和立場，對加強(qiáng)聯(lián)合國作用、推動聯(lián)合國改革、促進(jìn)國際發(fā)展合作等問題提出了具體主張。也正是在這短短5分鐘的講話中，胡錦濤提出了“和諧世界”的理念，這種新世界觀就此在聯(lián)合國會場為國際社會廣泛關(guān)注。

金句摘錄：

聯(lián)合國的成立，是人類為和平與發(fā)展長期努力的結(jié)果。聯(lián)合國體現(xiàn)了世界各國人民“欲免后世再遭今代人類兩度身歷慘不堪言之戰(zhàn)禍”、“彼此以善鄰之道，和睦相處”的崇高精神，承載了國際社會共同促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的美好理想。
The United Nations was founded as a result of mankind's persistent efforts to seek peace and development. It embodies the lofty spirit of the world's people to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought about untold sorrow to mankind" and to "live together in peace with one another as good neighbors". It also carries the beautiful ideal of the international community to jointly promote economic and social development.

60年來，盡管強(qiáng)權(quán)政治依然存在、國際關(guān)系民主化尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)，但對話交流、和睦相處已成為國際關(guān)系的主流，各國互相尊重、平等相待日益成為國際社會的重要共識。
In the past 60 years, though power politics still lingered and democratized international relations remained elusive, dialogue, exchanges and harmonious co-existence have become the mainstream of state-to-state relations. Mutual respect and treating each other as equals have become an important consensus of the international community.

沒有普遍發(fā)展和共同繁榮，世界難享太平。
Without universal development and common prosperity, our world can hardly enjoy tranquility.

聯(lián)合國應(yīng)該采取切實(shí)措施，落實(shí)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)，特別是要大力推動發(fā)展中國家加快發(fā)展，使21世紀(jì)真正成為“人人享有發(fā)展的世紀(jì)”。
The United Nations should take concrete measures to implement the Millennium Development Goals, particularly in the area of accelerating the development of developing countries, so that the 21st century can truly become a "century of development for all".

文明多樣性是人類社會的基本特征，也是人類文明進(jìn)步的重要動力。在人類歷史上，各種文明都以自己的方式為人類文明進(jìn)步作出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。存在差異，各種文明才能相互借鑒、共同提高；強(qiáng)求一律，只會導(dǎo)致人類文明失去動力、僵化衰落。各種文明有歷史長短之分，無高低優(yōu)劣之別。歷史文化、社會制度和發(fā)展模式的差異不應(yīng)成為各國交流的障礙，更不應(yīng)成為相互對抗的理由。
Diversity of civilizations is a basic feature of human society and an important driving force behind human progress. In the course of human history, all civilizations have, in their own way, made a positive contribution to the overall human progress. It is their differences that allow them to learn from one another and grow stronger together. Uniformity, if imposed on them, can only take away their vitality and cause them to become rigid and decline. The world's civilizations may differ in age, but none is better or more superior than others. Differences in history, culture, social system and mode of development should not become barriers to exchanges between countries, let alone excuses for confrontation.

我們應(yīng)該尊重各國自主選擇社會制度和發(fā)展道路的權(quán)利，相互借鑒而不是刻意排斥，取長補(bǔ)短而不是定于一尊，推動各國根據(jù)本國國情實(shí)現(xiàn)振興和發(fā)展；應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)不同文明的對話和交流，在競爭比較中取長補(bǔ)短，在求同存異中共同發(fā)展，努力消除相互的疑慮和隔閡，使人類更加和睦，讓世界更加豐富多彩；應(yīng)該以平等開放的精神，維護(hù)文明的多樣性，促進(jìn)國際關(guān)系民主化，協(xié)力構(gòu)建各種文明兼容并蓄的和諧世界。
We should respect a country's right to independently choose its own social system and path of development. In this way, countries will go for mutual emulation instead of deliberate exclusion, for mutual learning of respective strong points instead of making fetish a particular model, thus succeeding in their rejuvenation and development in line with their national conditions. We should enhance intercivilization dialogue and exchanges, allowing cultures to complement one another through competition and comparison, and to develop together by seeking common ground while putting aside differences. We should do away with misgivings and estrangement existing between civilizations and make humanity more harmonious and our world more colorful. We should endeavor to preserve the diversity of civilizations in the spirit of equality and openness, make international relations more democratic and jointly build towards a harmonious world where all civilizations coexist and accommodate each other.

2009年9月23日，胡錦濤在熱烈的掌聲中再次登上聯(lián)大講臺，發(fā)表題為《同舟共濟(jì) 共創(chuàng)未來》的重要講話。全面闡述了中國對國際形勢及重大全球和地區(qū)問題的看法，系統(tǒng)介紹了新中國成立60年來的發(fā)展道路和成就。這是中國國家元首第一次在聯(lián)大一般性辯論中發(fā)表講話。

金句摘錄：

安全不是孤立的、零和的、絕對的，沒有世界和地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定，就沒有一國安全穩(wěn)定。
Security is not a zero-sum game, and there is no isolated or absolute security. No country can be safe and stable in the absence of world and regional peace and stability.

我們應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持互信、互利、平等、協(xié)作的新安全觀，既維護(hù)本國安全，又尊重別國安全關(guān)切，促進(jìn)人類共同安全。
We should embrace a new security thinking of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination. While maintaining one's own national security, we should also respect the security concerns of other countries and advance the common security of mankind.

在氣候變化、糧食安全、能源資源安全、公共衛(wèi)生安全等全球性挑戰(zhàn)面前，任何國家都不可能獨(dú)善其身。
Climate change, food security, energy and resource security and public health security are all global challenges and no country is immune from them.