4. 醫改
healthcare reform

請看例句：

The Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning has announced it will implement comprehensive healthcare reforms beginning on April 8.
北京市衛生計生委近日宣布，自4月8日起將實施綜合醫療改革。

根據22日發布的《北京市醫藥分開綜合改革實施方案》，4月8日起，北京市內3600多家醫院和醫療機構(more than 3,600 hospitals and medical institutions in the city)將全面取消藥品加成(markups on drug prices, medicine markups)，統一實施藥品陽光采購(mandate transparent drug purchase)，設立醫事服務費(medical service fee)，并對435個醫療服務項目價格進行調整(adjust prices of 435 medical services)。

此前藥品加成比例高達15%(drug prices were previously marked up by as much as 15%)。北京市將通過公開招標選擇供藥企業(choose medicine suppliers by open bids)，并全面公開藥品和生產企業信息(have drug and producer information fully disclosed)。

醫療服務項目價格將進行有升有降的調整并重新規范。重點提高針灸(acupuncture)、手術、護理(nursing)等某些涉及醫務人員經驗、技術和人力(experience, skills and labor of medical staff)的項目價格，降低CT(computed tomography)、核磁共振(nuclear magnetic resonance)等大型儀器設備(large instruments and equipment)檢查項目價格。

根據方案，參加改革的醫療機構將全部取消掛號費和診療費(registration and treatment fees)，設立醫事服務費。以三級醫院為例，門診醫事服務費從普通門診(outpatient)50元到知名專家100元不等，醫保報銷40元(medical insurance will cover RMB40 of the fee)，北京市醫保參保人員報銷不受起付線和封頂線限制。

北京市衛計委主任方來英表示，此次改革旨在破除"以藥養醫"的體制(the system of covering hospital expenses with drug sales)，從而實現"醫藥分開(separate medical treatment and drug sales)"，降低病患就醫成本。據衛生部門測算，北京全市醫療費用總量將保持平衡(remain balanced)，患者費用負擔沒有增加(no increased burden on patients)。

[相關詞匯]

診療費 consultation fee

公立醫院 public hospital

醫療支出 health expenditure

基本醫療保險制度 basic medical insurance system

大病醫保 critical illness insurance program

報銷 reimbursement

因病致貧 fall into poverty because of illnesses