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印度家長為女童變性引爭議
Indians pay surgeons to turn girls into boys

[ 2011-06-28 16:54]

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There are now seven million more boys than girls aged under six in the country.(telegraph.co.uk)

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Indian doctors have been accused of conducting sex change operations on young girls whose parents want son to improve the family's income prospects.

Madhya Pradesh state government is investigating claims that up to 300 girls were surgically turned into boys in one city after their parents paid about ￡2,000 each for the operations.

Women's and children's rights campaigners denounced the practice as a "social madness" that made a "mockery of women in India".

India's gender balance has already been tilted in favour of boys by female foeticide – sex selection abortions - by families who fear the high marriage costs and dowries they may have to pay. There are now seven million more boys than girls aged under six in the country.

Campaigners said the use of surgery meant that girls were no longer safe even after birth.

The row emerged after newspapers disclosed children from throughout India were being operated on by doctors in Indore, Madhya Pradesh.

Doctors confronted in the investigation claimed that girls with genital abnormalities were being sent to the city's clinics to be "surgically corrected" and that only children born with both male and female sexual characteristics were eligible for the procedure. But campaigners said the parents and doctors were misidentifying the children's conditions to turn girls into boys.

The surgery, known as genitoplasty, fashions a penis from female organs, with the child being injected with male hormones to create a boy.

Dr V P Goswami, the president of the Indian Academy of Paediatrics in Indore, described the disclosures as shocking and warned parents that the procedure would leave their child impotent and infertile in adulthood.

"Genitoplasty is possible on a normal baby of both the sexes but later on these organs will not grow with the hormonal influence and this will lead to their infertility as well as their impotency. It is shocking news and we will be looking into it and taking corrective measures," he said.

"Parents have to consider the social as well as the psychological impact of such procedures on the child."

(Read by Renee Haines. Renee Haines is a journalist at the China Daily Website.)

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(Agencies)

為求子以使家庭收入更可觀，印度一些父母要求醫生對女童實施變性手術，而這些醫生已遭到控訴。

印度中央邦政府正對這起指控進行調查，據稱在印多爾市，有最多300名女童接受了外科變性手術，而他們的父母為每例手術支付了大約兩千英鎊。

婦女兒童權益運動人士譴責這種行為是“社會的瘋狂”，而且使“印度女性遭到嘲笑”。

印度的性別比例早已失衡，男性數量多于女性。由于不少父母擔心將來要為女兒支付高昂的結婚費用，以及添置嫁妝，不少女嬰慘遭流產，也稱為選擇性墮胎。印度6歲以下的孩子中，男孩比女孩多出700萬。

婦女兒童權益運動人士指出，變性手術意味著女孩即使在出生后也不安全。

據印度報紙披露，中央邦印多爾市的醫生正給來自全印度的女孩做變性手術，這引發了人們的熱議。

受調查的醫生稱，家長將生殖器畸形的孩子送到該市診所進行“外科矯正”，只有生來就具備男女雙性征的孩子才能進行手術。但婦女兒童權益運動人士指出，家長和醫生錯誤地判斷了孩子的狀況，把女孩變性成男孩。

這種手術稱為生殖器成形術，利用女性的性器官造出男性性器官，孩子還被注射雄性激素，變成男孩。

印多爾市印度兒科協會會長格斯瓦米醫生稱，這一真相讓人震驚，提醒家長變性手術會導致孩子長大后性無能甚至不育。

他說：“生殖器成形術對男女雙性的孩子來說是可行的，但之后，這些再造的性器官在生長過程中接受不到激素作用，這會導致不育以及性無能。這太令人震驚了，我們會調查這件事，并進行糾正。”

“家長必須考慮這種手術對孩子的社會和心理影響。”

相關閱讀

（中國日報網英語點津 Julie 編輯：馮明惠）

Vocabulary:

foeticide: the destruction of a fetus in the uterus; aborticide（墮胎）

dowry: the money or property brought by a woman to her husband at marriage（嫁妝）

genital: of or pertaining to the sexual organs.（生殖的，生殖器）

genitoplasty: 生殖器成形術

fashion: to give a particular shape or form to; make（制作，使成形，塑造）

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