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我們上學的時候，一般都是老師上課講課文和知識點，然后布置課后作業讓我們做針對性的練習。現在，美國一些地方的學校推出了跟這種傳統模式完全相反的教學方式，新內容和知識點全部讓學生在家里跟著教學視頻自學，課堂時間主要用來做針對性練習，老師的主要任務是答疑和輔導。這種新的教學模式就叫flipped classroom（翻轉課堂）。

Flipped classroom (or flip teaching) is a form of blended learning in which students learn new content online by watching video lectures, usually at home, and what used to be homework (assigned problems) is now done in class with teacher offering more personalized guidance and interaction with students, instead of lecturing. This is also known as backwards classroom, reverse instruction.

翻轉課堂（或翻轉教學）是一種學生自學和老師輔導相結合的學習模式，學生在家觀看教學視頻學習新的知識，而原來需要帶回家做的作業則改為在課堂上進行，老師的主要任務不是講授，而是對學生提供更多有針對性的輔導，同時學生之間還能有更多的交流。因此，這種教學模式也叫做反向課堂、反向指導等。

The traditional pattern of teaching has been to assign students to read textbooks and work on problem sets outside school, while listening to lectures and taking test in class.

傳統的教學模式是，學生課后要看課本、做練習冊，在學校時聽老師講課、參加考試。

In flip teaching, the students first study the topic by themselves, typically using video lessons prepared by the teacher. In class students apply the knowledge by solving problems and doing practical work. The teacher tutors the students when they become stuck, rather than imparting the initial lesson in person. Complementary techniques include differentiated instruction and project-based learning.

在翻轉教學中，學生先通過老師制作的教學視頻自學知識點，到了課堂上，學生用學到的知識解決問題、做一些實踐性的練習。在學生遇到困難時，老師會進行指導，而不是當場授課。輔助性的手段有：針對不同學生進行區別化指導，以及項目式學習。

Flipped classrooms free class time for hands-on work. Students learn by doing and asking questions. Students can also help each other, a process that benefits both the advanced and less advanced learners. (Source: Wikipedia)

翻轉課堂將更多課堂時間給了實際操作性的任務。學生通過實踐和問問題達到學習的目的，他們可以互相幫助。這是一個讓快進生和慢進生都能獲益的學習過程。

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