国产av不卡一区二区_欧美xxxx做受欧美_成年人看的毛片_亚洲第一天堂在线观看_亚洲午夜精品久久久中文影院av_8x8ⅹ国产精品一区二区二区_久久精品国产sm调教网站演员_亚洲av综合色区无码一二三区_成人免费激情视频_国产九九九视频

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Opinion
Home / Opinion / Global Lens

How humans can control risks arising from AI

By Joseph Sifakis | China Daily | Updated: 2025-12-03 07:35
Share
Share - WeChat
Jin Ding/China Daily

Artificial Intelligence represents a technological paradigm shift distinct from any previous inventions. Unlike tools that extend physical capabilities, AI rivals humanity's core trait: the ability to produce and apply knowledge. This grants it profound power to reshape individual identity, economic structures and social organization. Consequently, its immense potential benefits are matched by significant risks, necessitating a comprehensive, global strategy for its governance. A reductionist debate pitting efficiency against safety is inadequate; we must instead adopt a holistic view of AI's forms, applications and future evolution.

Much public discourse focuses on artificial general intelligence (AGI), a vague concept promising human-level performance across all cognitive tasks. In addition to the fact that the term itself is vague because it is impossible to determine the extent of cognitive tasks that humans are capable of, it ignores essential characteristics of human intelligence. To approach human intelligence, it is not enough for machines to outperform humans in specific tasks. What matters is the capacity for autonomy, i.e., the ability to understand the world and act adaptively to achieve goals by combining a wide variety of skills as needed.

There is a considerable gap between the conversational AI systems we have today and autonomous systems capable of replacing human operators in complex organizations, as envisaged by the internet of things. For example, autonomous driving systems, smart grids, smart factories, smart cities, or autonomous telecommunications systems are highly complex, often critical systems composed of agents, each pursuing their own goals (individual intelligence) while coordinating to achieve the overall system goals (collective intelligence).

The technical obstacles to achieving this vision of autonomy are immense and far exceed the current capabilities of machine learning, as illustrated by the setbacks suffered by the autonomous vehicle industry, some of which had promised full autonomy by 2020. Current AI agents are limited to low-risk, digital tasks. To be trustworthy in critical roles, future AI systems must possess robust reasoning capabilities, pursue goals rationally in accordance with technical, legal and ethical standards, and achieve a level of reliability that is currently considered a "pipe dream".

The core of the problem lies in the inherent limitations of obtaining solid reliability guarantees. While supremely effective at generating knowledge from data, AI systems are non-explainable, making it virtually impossible to achieve the high levels of reliability demanded for safety-critical applications. This means AI safety cannot be guaranteed by the rational certification processes used for traditional systems such as elevators or airplanes.

In addition to technical properties such as safety, AI systems are designed to mimic humans and must therefore meet human-centric cognitive properties. Many studies deal with "responsible AI", "aligned AI", and, in particular, "ethical AI". However, most are superficial and lack scientific basis because, unlike safety, these properties are difficult to grasp technically as they depend on complex cognitive processes that are poorly understood in humans. An AI that passes a final medical exam does not possess the understanding or responsibility of a human doctor. Creating AI systems that truly respect social norms and demonstrate responsible collective intelligence remains a major challenge.

The risks posed by AI can be categorized into three interconnected areas. The technological risks for AI systems are amplified and transformed by their "black box" characteristics, including new safety/security risks that are poorly understood. Existing risk-management principles require high reliability in high criticality areas. If strictly applied, they would rightly exclude current AI systems from high-criticality applications. The development of global technical standards, a pillar of our modern civilization, is essential to build trust. However, this effort is hampered by technical limitations as well as open opposition from Big Tech and US authorities, who argue that standards stifle innovation and advocate for insufficient self-certification by developers.

Anthropogenic (human) risks differ from technological risks as they result from human-induced hazards, caused entirely or predominantly by human activities and involving misuse, abuse or compliance failures. In autonomous driving, skill atrophy, overconfidence and mode confusion are examples of misuse. Compliance risks are linked to manufacturer governance, which prioritizes commercial expansion at the expense of safety and transparency. Tesla's "Full Self-Driving" system, which requires active human supervision despite its name, exemplifies the dangers of the gap between marketing promises and the technical reality.

Finally, AI involves considerable systemic risks which are long-term or large-scale disruptions to social, economic, cultural, environmental and governance systems. While some risks, such as technological monopolies, job displacement and environmental costs, have been identified, the other risks are poorly understood. A critical yet less appreciated risk is cognitive outsourcing — the delegation of intellectual work to machines, which can lead to erosion of critical thinking, weakening of personal responsibility and homogenization of thought. Raising collective awareness of these insidious cognitive deficits is vital for their mitigation.

To address this complex risk landscape, we must develop a comprehensive, human-centric vision for AI that moves beyond the narrow, monolithic goal of AGI promoted by tech giants. This vision should honestly assess the current weaknesses of AI technology and mobilize international research to explore new avenues for AI application across science, industry and services. Furthermore, on an ideological level, we must reject the mentality of "acting quickly and breaking the rules" as it leads to technical debt and long-term fragility. It often goes hand in hand with the dogma of "technological determinism" which denies the role of human action in defining the role of technology in society.

China is well placed to contribute to this new vision, which is not only about creating the most powerful AI, but focuses on serving society. The country has a strong industrial base, with industrial sectors that need increasingly intelligent products and services. The development of global standards and regulations will be crucial for implementing this vision. Working together with other nations, China can play an active role in helping redress the global balance of power, harmonizing AI development with reliability and safety. Initiatives such as the "China AI Safety and Development Association" and the "World AI Cooperation Organization" reflect early efforts toward this essential direction.

The author is a recipient of the Turing Award (known as the Nobel Prize for Computing) and founder of the Verimag laboratory in Grenoble.

The views don't necessarily reflect those of China Daily. 

If you have a specific expertise, or would like to share your thought about our stories, then send us your writings at opinion@chinadaily.com.cn, and comment@chinadaily.com.cn.

Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
97秋霞电影网| 久热re这里精品视频在线6| 日韩丝袜视频| 麻豆一二三区精品蜜桃| 日韩精品99| 丁香花在线电影| 精品国产丝袜高跟鞋| 九色在线视频| 亚洲尤物在线视频| 校园春色影音先锋| 国产夫妻视频| 五月亚洲综合| 国产91白丝在线播放| 俺去啦最新官网| 免费黄色小视频| 色网在线播放| 三级全黄视频| 日本高清视色| 德国极品另类| 成年网站在线在免费播放| 天堂在线免费观看| 任你操视频在线观看| 污视频在线看| 操女生的网站| 99免费视频| 成人免费淫片95视频观看网站| 加勒比免费视频| 免费污污网站| 黄页网址大全免费观看| 黄网网址免费| xfplay每日更新av资源在线| 成年人三级网站| 天天爽夜夜爽| 免费成人看片| 黄色三级电影网| 最新日本视频| 伊人国产在线看一| 蜜桃视频在线免费| 国产青青草在线| 国产高清一区在线观看| aaa日本高清在线播放免费观看| av资源在线观看免费高清| 麻豆网在线观看| 91精选在线| 99色在线观看| 欧美极度另类| 亚洲色图综合| 欧美2区3区4区| 大陆精大陆国产国语精品| 久久1电影院| 久久91精品| 日韩高清欧美| 国产精品激情| 久久午夜电影| 国产乱一区二区| av一二三不卡影片| 国产欧美精品区一区二区三区 | 精品福利影院| 91深夜福利| 免费人成网ww777kkk手机| 可播放的18gay1069| 在线免费看污| av在线播放网站| 免费在线中文字幕| 欧美极品免费| 99久热这里只有精品视频免费观看| 欧美亚洲色图校园春色| 日韩在线中文| 99成人在线| 久久99在线观看| av中文字幕一区| 一区在线观看视频| 精品美女国产在线| 欧美三级电影精品| 亚洲国产精品小视频| 中文综合在线观看| 午夜精品久久久久久久99黑人 | 国产69精品久久久久9999小说| 美女被c出白浆| 天天噜天天色| 9191在线观看| 这里有精品可以观看| 成人免费91| 波多野结衣一区| 一区二区三区福利| 国产成人精品一区二区三区四区| 亚洲国产精品精华液2区45| 午夜一区二区三区视频| 欧美一区二区在线免费播放| 国产午夜一区二区| 国自产精品手机在线观看视频| 欧美久草视频| av电影免费| 在线免费黄色| 影视一区二区三区| 亚洲天堂日韩在线| 亚洲精品国产日韩| 成人精品gif动图一区| 一区二区三区欧美日韩| 91精品国产色综合久久不卡蜜臀| 综合激情国产一区| 四虎成人精品在永久在线观看| 天天激情综合| 99精品老司机免费视频| 国模视频一区| 国产不卡av一区二区| 91久久亚洲| av男人天堂一区| 亚洲丶国产丶欧美一区二区三区| 日韩视频一区二区三区在线播放| 久久精品国产欧美亚洲人人爽| www.四虎.com| 黄色成人av| 在线观看午夜av| avtt综合网| 影音先锋中文字幕一区| 国产91综合一区在线观看| 亚洲黄网站在线观看| 日韩亚洲电影在线| 九九热这里只有在线精品视| 香蕉青柠影院| 国产一级免费在线观看| 色豆豆成人网| 久久一区二区三区电影| 国产在线看一区| 一区二区三区欧美视频| 亚洲成**性毛茸茸| 亚洲成年电人电影网站| 91av影院| 国产丝袜在线播放| 少妇一区二区三区| 日本美女视频一区二区| 国产精品私人自拍| 日韩色在线观看| 91成人性视频| 免费观看羞羞视频网站| av最新在线| 视频一区中文| 国产一区美女在线| 亚洲第一成人在线| 亚洲色图狂野欧美| 国产精品作爱| 成人高清网站| 秋霞一区二区三区| 欧美一级网站| **欧美大码日韩| 亚洲国产古装精品网站| 四虎影院成人| 一个人看的www一区| 精品91久久| 伊人青青综合网| 91免费看`日韩一区二区| 欧美色综合久久| 久久大大胆人体| 天天碰日日操| 高h视频在线播放| 国产一区二区三区探花| 国产成人精品影视| 欧美在线观看禁18| 国外成人在线播放| 最近中文字幕在线| 久久人体av| 午夜一级在线看亚洲| 亚洲欧美日本在线| 亚洲午夜激情免费视频| 日本www视频在线观看| 中文字幕伦理免费在线视频| 一区二区美女| 高清在线观看日韩| 欧美日韩精品一区二区天天拍小说| 欧美寡妇偷汉性猛交| 国产羞羞视频| 日韩一区二区三区免费| 亚洲第一网站| 亚洲九九爱视频| 国产亚洲a∨片在线观看| 免费三级网站| gogo高清在线播放免费| 亚洲精品成人影院| 国产视频不卡一区| 亚洲精品www久久久久久广东| 国产免费高清| 在线不卡日本v二区707| 99久久影视| 欧美国产精品中文字幕| 亚洲精品97久久| 日本www高清| 91老司机福利在线| 一区二区在线| 亚洲欧洲99久久| 视频一区视频二区国产精品| 成人18免费| 麻豆精品蜜桃| 日本不卡一区二区三区高清视频| 一本一本久久a久久精品综合麻豆| 久久久久久久色| 日韩精品视频无播放器在线看 | 午夜日韩成人影院| 亚洲欧美日韩国产| 五月激情综合婷婷| 久久久免费电影| 外国精品视频在线观看| 看全色黄大色大片免费久久久| 国产风韵犹存在线视精品| 制服.丝袜.亚洲.中文.综合| 久久亚洲国产中v天仙www| 日韩专区av| 精品1区2区3区4区| 亚洲成va人在线观看| 国内精品久久久久伊人av| 九色视频在线播放| 欧州一区二区| 国产精品久久久久久久久晋中| 中文字幕免费精品一区高清| 美女av网站| 国产精品18hdxxxⅹ在线| 成人少妇影院yyyy| 亚洲激情电影中文字幕| yellow网站在线观看| 99久久精品一区二区成人| 麻豆精品蜜桃视频网站| 欧美精品一二三| 性猛交富婆╳xxx乱大交一| 欧美xx视频| 日本免费新一区视频| 欧美日韩成人激情| 91丨九色丨蝌蚪丨老板| 亚洲天堂手机| 青青草97国产精品免费观看 | av大片免费看| www.成人网| 久久影院午夜论| 中文字幕精品在线| 中文字幕在线视频不卡| 奇米狠狠一区二区三区| 中文字幕一区在线观看| 久久99热这里只有精品国产| 国产二区视频在线观看| 91精品国产福利在线观看麻豆| 亚洲激情自拍偷拍| 91成人国产在线观看| aa在线视频| 亚洲中字黄色| 欧美久久高跟鞋激| 九九热在线观看视频| 国产日韩在线观看视频| av资源站一区| 搡老女人一区二区三区视频tv| 色资源网站在线观看| 国产精品羞羞答答在线观看| 综合激情成人伊人| 亚洲第一成人在线视频| 国产探花在线观看| 麻豆一区二区三| 日韩电影网在线| 伊人发布在线| 精品日韩免费| 亚洲成人一区二区| 欧美乱大交xxxxxbbb| 偷拍视频一区二区三区| 国产精品69久久久久水密桃| 亚洲精品一区二区三区婷婷月| 在线成人动漫| 香蕉视频官网在线观看日本一区二区| 亚洲va在线va天堂| 国产丝袜美女| 精品国产黄a∨片高清在线| 成人av在线电影| 久久手机免费视频| 菠萝菠萝蜜在线视频免费观看| 久久精品1区| 亚洲第一区中文字幕| 91午夜在线| 欧美电影免费播放| 日韩人体视频一二区| 免费网站看黄yyy222| 极品国产人妖chinesets亚洲人妖 激情亚洲另类图片区小说区 | 国产精品午夜在线| 影音先锋男士资源站| 欧美动物xxx| 91网上在线视频| 久久91精品国产91久久久| 亚洲七七久久综合桃花剧情介绍| 男女男精品网站| 亚洲欧美日韩国产中文专区| 免费a在线观看| 亚洲一区二区伦理| 亚洲第一网站男人都懂| 天堂av在线资源| 亚洲激情一区| 亚洲大胆人体视频| 天堂√在线中文官网在线| 精品福利av| 欧美tickling网站挠脚心| 三级国产三级在线| 亚洲视频久久| 日韩丝袜情趣美女图片| 国产成人午夜片在线观看高清观看| 欧美精品乱码久久久久久按摩| 成年人视频在线| 欧美gvvideo网站| 欧美挠脚心视频网站| 国产美女玉足交| 欧美成人中文| 日韩三级av在线播放| 午夜黄色在线观看| 一本久道久久综合婷婷鲸鱼| 精品久久久网站| 成年人视频在线观看免费| 可以看av的网站久久看| 亚洲深夜福利视频| sm国产在线调教视频| 国产精品中文字幕欧美| 欧美精品免费播放| 亚洲女同志freevdieo| 久久噜噜亚洲综合| 久热视线观看免费视频| 国产在线一区不卡| 亚洲第一成人在线| 天天靠夜夜靠| 综合在线一区| 精品国产凹凸成av人网站| 成人影视在线播放| 韩国视频一区二区| 久久91亚洲精品中文字幕奶水 | 多野结衣av一区| 91农村精品一区二区在线| 天堂网www在线中文天堂| 精品一区二区三区中文字幕在线| 亚洲成在人线在线播放| 免费高清成人| 亚洲精选在线| 国产亚洲欧洲黄色| 欧美6一10sex性hd| 26uuu亚洲| 欧美video巨大粗暴18| 婷婷精品在线观看| 欧美日韩免费一区二区三区视频| 中文字幕av在线播放| 日韩国产高清影视| 理论片在线不卡免费观看| 日韩欧美另类一区二区| 亚洲人成在线播放网站岛国| 美女被黑人40厘米进入| 久久久久午夜电影| 亚洲国内精品在线| 中文在线观看免费| www激情久久| 国产麻豆永久视频| 日韩理论电影| 亚洲韩国欧洲国产日产av | 四虎亚洲精品| 国产无一区二区| 妞干网福利视频| 国产精品国产一区| 精品亚洲va在线va天堂资源站| 欧美1—12sexvideos| 国产欧美精品国产国产专区 | 美女被c出白浆| 国产精品vip| 中文字幕av一区| 日韩免费小视频| 五月激情综合网| 一个人免费视频www在线观看| 蜜桃av噜噜一区二区三区小说| 欧美精品18videosex性欧美| 国产一区二区av在线| 欧美自拍丝袜亚洲| 国产精品国产三级国产普通话蜜臀 | 中文字幕在线观看| 久久精品国产免费| 亚洲综合激情另类专区老铁性| 欧美顶级毛片在线播放| 91精品国产日韩91久久久久久| 日本中文字幕在线看| 久久综合成人精品亚洲另类欧美| 国产精品最新乱视频二区| 亚洲国产精品日韩专区av有中文| 亚洲欧美日韩国产中文| 免费福利视频一区二区三区| 亚洲国产成人va在线观看天堂| 91美女在线| 国产精品一二三区| 欧美成人禁片在线www| 91久久国产| 色综合伊人色综合网| 青青青国产精品| 在线中文字幕一区二区| 午夜小视频在线| 国产欧美日韩卡一| 免费男女羞羞的视频网站中文版 | 视频一区欧美日韩| 51久久精品夜色国产麻豆| 亚洲三级精品| 亚洲欧美精品一区| 久久天天久久| 欧美美女网站色| 电影k8一区二区三区久久| 亚洲最大色网站| 青青草手机在线|