国产av不卡一区二区_欧美xxxx做受欧美_成年人看的毛片_亚洲第一天堂在线观看_亚洲午夜精品久久久中文影院av_8x8ⅹ国产精品一区二区二区_久久精品国产sm调教网站演员_亚洲av综合色区无码一二三区_成人免费激情视频_国产九九九视频

查看原文

More government support, including subsidies and a favorable pricing mechanism, is neededfor the country to use desalinated seawater to quench its thirst, a top industry expert said.

"The lack of an effective pricing mechanism for desalinated water and support for an operablepolicy is affecting the development of the country's sea desalination industry," said Li Linmei,director of the State Oceanic Administration's Institute of Seawater Desalination andMultipurpose Utilization in Tianjin.

The country aims to produce 2.2 million cubic meters of desalinated seawater daily in 2015,about three times current capacity, according to a National Development and ReformCommission plan released last year.

Current domestic water prices range from 2.4 yuan to 4.9 yuan a metric ton in the coastalregions, while the price of water for industry ranges from 3.3 yuan to 7.9 yuan a ton, accordingto ChinaWaterNet.

However, desalination plants can produce 674,000 tons daily at a cost of about 5 yuan ($0.80)a ton - not including infrastructure such as pipelines.

Li said the government should consider bringing desalinated water into the water grid.

Aside from subsidies and funding for pilot programs, Li believes desalination is a key part ofwater security.

"The seawater desalination industry is as important as water conservancy projects for China tocope with its water shortage," Li said.

China suffers from severe water shortages, nearly 54 billion cubic meters on average everyyear. This means that more than 66 percent of cities experience water shortages.

To compound that difficulty, water consumption is expected to surge to about 700 billion cubicmeters in 2030, up from 600 billion cubic meters.

Facing such a severe shortage, authorities are taking measures.

In March, the NDRC identified the regions and companies selected to carry out the firstdesalination projects, including heavily populated areas such as Zhejiang and Hebei provinces,and the municipalities of Shenzhen and Tianjin.

The commission asked regions and companies to encourage desalinated water use forindustrial and domestic purposes.

The industry is expected to get a 10-billion-yuan boost from the plan.

Li said the policy showed the country's determination and confidence in boosting the industry.

Key technology

Reverse osmosis technology and other areas of development vital for desalination have beenmastered, Li said.

Osmosis technology pushes water under high pressure through fine membranes, filtering thesalt.

Coupled with the distilling process of high-pressure steam and evaporators, this means that thetechnology is, in more ways than one, on tap.

The country has 16 seawater desalination plants with a daily capacity of more than 10,000metric tons of fresh water, according to the NDRC.

"Although we have made great progress in technology, large-scale plants in China still dependon foreign technology," Li said.

Desalination is used in more than 150 countries to supply water to more than 200 millionpeople.

The Tianjin Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization is strengtheninginternational cooperation to raise China's domestic seawater desalination technology and boostexports, Li said.

There are concerns about the potential environmental effects of large-scale seawaterdesalination plants, especially wastewater discharges.

Li said the government should launch an environmental assessment before any major upgrade.