国产av不卡一区二区_欧美xxxx做受欧美_成年人看的毛片_亚洲第一天堂在线观看_亚洲午夜精品久久久中文影院av_8x8ⅹ国产精品一区二区二区_久久精品国产sm调教网站演员_亚洲av综合色区无码一二三区_成人免费激情视频_国产九九九视频

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Opinion
Home / Opinion / Global Lens

Coffee needs cooperation, not confrontation

By TARIQ H. MALIK | CHINA DAILY | Updated: 2025-12-20 09:13
Share
Share - WeChat
Visitors check out coffee and local specialties during the Zheli Fuka Tanzhesi Town Coffee Culture Festival in Mentougou district, Beijing. CHINA DAILY

For centuries, coffee has powered conversations, commerce and creativity. It has fueled revolutions, supported trading empires and driven scientific breakthroughs. Today, it energizes offices, parliaments, universities, trading floors, hospitals and armies. Yet behind its familiar aroma, a profound transformation is quietly percolating. What is changing now is not coffee's cultural role, but its place in the evolving architecture of global trade.

As global supply chains reorganize and emerging economies play a larger role in shaping demand, coffee is entering a new phase of globalization — one more defined by South-South cooperation, infrastructure connectivity and diversified consumption. In this transition, the Belt and Road Initiative has become an important platform through which coffee-producing and coffee-consuming economies are more closely linked.

At the heart of this transformation lies a stark imbalance. According to my study, roughly 80 percent of coffee-producing countries lie in the Global South, while 80 percent of the global coffee consumption takes place outside them. The tropics of Latin America, Africa and Asia grow the beans. The heaviest consumers, including Europe, North America and parts of East Asia, are almost entirely dependent on imports. This geography is not new, but what is new is the way trade, logistics, finance and consumption patterns are adapting to it.

Coffee production is concentrated in a climate-sensitive belt and is highly sensitive to climate change, while consumption is strongest in productivity-driven advanced economies where the beverage has become part of professional and social life. At the same time, the expansion of South-South trade is reducing the historical dependence on a few export destinations. Together, these shifts are gradually redrawing the global coffee map — not through disruption, but through diversification.

Meanwhile, China's coffee trade is rapidly growing, with volumes doubling every five years. Once on the periphery of the coffee trade, the country is now a key player. Also, a larger proportion of the world coffee trade now goes through the BRI infrastructure, supported by improved financing mechanisms and closer cooperation among producing countries. In this sense, China is helping coffee travel more efficiently from plantations to markets, reducing the friction in what used to be a fragmented value chain.

A more profound shift is China's emergence as a coffee-producing nation. Experimental plantations in Yunnan, Hainan and Fujian provinces show that coffee can grow well in those regions and yield high-quality beans. China's track record in scaling agriculture and technology — from tea and apples to aquaculture, solar panels and battery technology — shows that once China commits, results tend to follow. This is also true of coffee. But these efforts complement, rather than replace, the role of traditional producing countries.

At the same time, China is becoming a major consumer of coffee. China's expanding middle-income group is reshaping the global coffee demand. Chinese brands such as Luckin Coffee, which has spread like wildfire on campuses and in cities since it was launched in 2017, show how deeply the beverage is embedding itself in social and economic life, much like it did in Europe centuries ago.

Add to this advanced agricultural technology, China's ability to set standards and its capacity to organize logistics, and it is clear that a change is brewing in the coffee industry.

Historically, commodities have often marked turning points in the global economic order. Oil reshaped geopolitics in the 20th century. Coffee's story is different. It is not a resource for survival, but for connection and cognition. It supports millions of smallholder farmers, especially in Africa and Latin America, anchors the hospitality, food culture and tourism industries, and fuels global retail brands and digital consumer ecosystems.

It is also essential to the functioning of modern systems. European urban culture and productivity are deeply coffee-dependent, and North American services, logistics networks and offices run on caffeine. For universities, research labs, think tanks and start-ups, coffee is a symbol of knowledge exchange.

If the current trends continue, the global coffee economy is likely to become more plural rather than polarized. Infrastructure investment, diversified financing, and growing domestic markets across the Global South can strengthen resilience for producers, while consumers worldwide benefit from more stable supply and richer variety.

With the large-scale consolidation of global supply networks, coupled with growth in production, even the substance essential for keeping modern societies alert and functioning has the potential to become a bridge between production and consumption.

Coffee, after all, has always been about exchange: of ideas, labor, culture and time. As the beverage finds a new place in the evolving global trade landscape, it has become not a reason for confrontation, but a reminder that even simple daily rituals can lead to cooperation, development and shared prosperity.

The author is a professor of innovation studies at Liaoning University.

The views don't necessarily reflect those of China Daily.

If you have a specific expertise, or would like to share your thought about our stories, then send us your writings at opinion@chinadaily.com.cn, and comment@chinadaily.com.cn.

Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1994 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
国产一区二区不卡| 日韩福利视频导航| 欧美xxxx黑人又粗又长| 日本高清中文字幕| 国产黄色一级片| 欧美日韩一二三| 中文字幕一区二| 国产美女精品在线| 国产做受高潮69| 中文一区一区三区高中清不卡| 国产视频久久| 精品福利久久久| 欧美影视资讯| 直接在线观看的三级网址| 在线观看老湿视频福利| 性xxxx奶大欧美高清| 欧美tickling网站挠脚心| 午夜视频一区二区三区| 99久久99久久精品免费观看 | 蜜臀久久99精品久久久久宅男 | 日韩精品在线网站| 日韩欧美精品中文字幕| 1000部国产精品成人观看| 国产成人小视频| 老司机一区二区三区| 久久美女视频| 风间由美一区二区av101| 国产后进白嫩翘臀在线观看视频| 中文在线а√在线| 成人免费淫片免费观看| 欧美jizzhd欧美精品巨大| 欧美多人爱爱视频网站| 亚洲а∨天堂久久精品喷水| 欧美在线免费观看亚洲| 一区二区三区四区不卡在线| 国产日韩综合av| 成熟亚洲日本毛茸茸凸凹| 日韩精品乱码av一区二区| 欧美肉体xxxx裸体137大胆| 91精品短视频| 欧美日韩五码| 国产美女精品写真福利视频| av超碰免费在线| 另类av导航| 加勒比在线日本| 免费h网站在线观看| 亚洲国产综合久久精品小蝴蝶| 欧美劲爆第一页| 色噜噜国产精品视频一区二区 | 春色校园综合激情亚洲| 巨大荫蒂视频欧美另类大| 你懂的视频在线播放| 久久新电视剧免费观看| 国产一区二区影院| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添亚洲女人| 欧美a级片一区| 久久精品亚洲人成影院| 国产欧美日韩精品一区二区免费 | 国产成人免费精品| 免费h视频在线观看| 肉肉视频在线观看| 免费a在线观看| 天堂а√在线8种子蜜桃视频| 成人做爰高清视频网站| av美女网站| jizz视频播放器| 网站免费满18成年在线观看| 久久99精品这里精品3| 亚洲国产精品区| 久操久操久操| 在线天堂中文| 亚洲精品xxxxx| 视频一区二区精品的福利| 中文字幕第一页av| 一二三四视频在线社区中文字幕2 一二三四日本中文字幕 | 男女男精品视频| 老司机亚洲精品| 国产偷自视频区视频一区二区| 欧美视频福利| 精品二区视频| 亚洲精品系列| 黑丝一区二区三区| 亚洲欧美小说国产图片| 精品伊人久久97| 亚洲男人天堂网| 国产亚洲精品高潮| 日韩经典一区二区三区| 欧美日韩综合一区| 欧美日韩精品欧美日韩精品 | 色综合久久久久久久| 日韩欧美视频一区二区三区| 色婷婷国产精品| 色婷婷国产精品| 91.成人天堂一区| 欧美一卡2卡3卡4卡| 欧美日韩视频不卡| 日韩欧美国产一区二区三区| 亚洲国产精品资源| 日韩电影中文字幕| 一区二区三区四区视频| 精品国偷自产在线| 美女扒开尿口让男人操亚洲视频网站| 久久久噜噜噜久噜久久| 男女爱爱视频免费| 精品推荐国产麻豆剧传媒| 麻豆精品永久免费视频| 九色国产视频| 91最新网站| 免费黄色大片| 男人艹女人网站| 在线播放三级网站| 亚洲免费视频网站| 在线观看亚洲精品视频| 4438x成人网最大色成网站| 日韩女优电影在线观看| 亚洲欧美激情精品一区二区| yw.139尤物在线精品视频| 欧美激情欧美激情| 性欧美69式xxxxx| 美女被人操网站| 美女的尿口免费视频| 久久手机免费观看| 青春草免费在线视频| av影院在线免费观看| 国产综合色在线观看| 精品亚洲a∨| 欧美中文一区| 亚洲欧美伊人| 日本不卡一区二区| 成人午夜免费av| 日本一区二区久久| 亚洲一区日韩精品中文字幕| 欧美日韩国产中字| 7777精品伊人久久久大香线蕉超级流畅| 日韩精品中文字幕在线一区| 精品国产人成亚洲区| 在线视频日本亚洲性| 久久久久久久久久久91| 欧美xxx在线| xxx电影网| 一色桃子在线| 在线电影福利片| 中文字幕日本一区| 日韩中文字幕在线视频| 久久精品99久久香蕉国产色戒| 97热在线精品视频在线观看| 国产原创在线| 娇小发育未年成性色xxx8| 意大利激情丛林无删减版dvd| 日本大臀精品| 1024在线播放| 欧美aaaxxxx做受视频| a屁视频一区二区三区四区| 欧美日韩黄网站| 国产精品精品| 国产精品乱看| 成人免费看的视频| www国产成人| 亚洲福利电影网| 欧美日韩国产片| 亚洲国产精品女人久久久| 色噜噜久久综合伊人一本| 欧美黑人性猛交| 四虎国产精品永久在线| www亚洲天堂| 北岛玲一区二区三区| 无人区在线高清完整免费版 一区二| 天堂久久av| 欧美日韩一区自拍 | 亚洲综合好骚| 91在线视频播放| 福利微拍一区二区| 欧美日韩一区二区三区高清| 在线播放国产精品| 亚洲欧美日韩色图| 免费免费啪视频在线观看| 99福利在线| 欧美久久久网站| 欧美亚洲国产另类| 国产情侣高潮对白| 夜色资源站国产www在线视频 | 欧美激情一二三区| 精品久久久久国产| 国产视频在线一区二区| 亚洲色图偷拍| 成人3d动漫网站| aaa在线观看| 成人做爰视频www网站小优视频| 精品久久精品| 激情深爱一区二区| 亚洲一区二区三区精品在线| 日韩欧美国产一区二区在线播放| 久久免费成人精品视频| jizzjizzjizz在线观看| 国产在线看片| 中文字幕区一区二区三| 亚洲精品888| av一区二区三区在线| 日韩欧美中文字幕在线观看| 一区国产精品视频| 亚洲欧美日韩综合精品网| 高清欧美精品xxxxx在线看| 美女av在线免费看| 国产亚洲欧美日韩在线观看一区二区| 久久精品久久99精品久久| 一区二区三区自拍| 亚洲国产精品高清久久久| 久久人人看视频| 成人看片app| 春色校园综合激情亚洲| 久久国产精品成人免费观看的软件| 国产一区二区三区免费播放| 精品久久久久久电影| 亚洲视频网站在线观看| www.91在线播放| 69成人在线| 亚洲人成精品久久久 | 欧美精品在线视频| 国内免费久久久久久久久久久| 五月天亚洲激情| 中文字幕在线视频久| 亚欧美无遮挡hd高清在线视频| 三级不卡在线观看| ...中文天堂在线一区| 日韩电影第一页| 操人视频91| 在线āv视频| 久久影院一区| 久久久久久9999| 51午夜精品国产| 亚洲国产成人综合| 外国精品视频在线观看| 日本少妇精品亚洲第一区| 国产一区二区三区久久久久久久久| 亚洲欧美日韩系列| 在线精品视频视频中文字幕| 毛片基地一级大毛片| 超碰在线cao| 欧美激情第二页| 自拍偷拍欧美激情| 中文字幕日韩精品在线| 明星乱亚洲合成图.com| 六九午夜精品视频| 免费成人在线网站| 欧美中文一区二区三区| 97精品免费视频| 可以在线观看的av网站| 成人看片黄a免费看视频| 国产麻豆精品视频| 欧美综合亚洲图片综合区| 69看片网站| 国产h视频在线观看| 视频精品二区| 久久国产麻豆精品| 欧美午夜免费电影| 欧美乱大交xxxxx另类| sese在线视频| 欧美一区电影| 97精品国产97久久久久久久久久久久| 欧美综合天天夜夜久久| 四虎影院免费在线| 在线观看的网站你懂的| 久久视频国产| 亚洲视频一区二区在线| 久久黄色av网站| 2020中文字幕在线播放| 少妇高潮一区二区三区99| 亚洲男人影院| 欧美亚洲人成在线| 午夜精品影视国产一区在线麻豆| 麻豆精品国产91久久久久久| 色999日韩国产欧美一区二区| 色综合老司机第九色激情| a在线欧美一区| 亚洲视频福利| 国产精品美女久久久久aⅴ| 亚洲国产精品资源| 先锋成人影院| 久久国际精品| 国产成人午夜视频| 日韩一区二区三区四区五区六区| 国产中文第一页| 日韩伦理在线一区| 久久一本综合频道| 欧美日韩精品免费观看视频| 国产精品美女视频免费观看软件| 欧美男男tv网站在线播放| 亚洲一区一卡| 欧美性受xxxx黑人xyx| 国产麻豆免费| 日韩精品影院| 国产99久久久久久免费看农村| 亚洲国内高清视频| 免费av一级电影| 日韩av影院| 国产精品热久久久久夜色精品三区| 一区二区欧美在线| 日本精品专区| 午夜久久免费观看| 一区二区三区在线免费播放| 亚洲成人在线电影| 不卡专区在线| 蜜臀91精品一区二区三区| 欧美精选在线播放| av电影免费在线| 国产亚洲精品美女久久| 欧美国产禁国产网站cc| 久久免费视频这里只有精品| 黄色成人影院| 国产欧美在线| 欧美一区二区视频在线观看2022| 99riav视频| 天堂成人娱乐在线视频免费播放网站| 成人激情免费电影网址| 中文字幕精品久久久久| 精品亚洲综合| 亚洲精品国产首次亮相| 一本到不卡精品视频在线观看| 欧美精品一区二区三区免费| 成年男女免费视频网站不卡| 国模无码大尺度一区二区三区| 日韩一区二区免费电影| 黄网视频午夜青春| 日韩有吗在线观看| 国产精品久久久久久久久晋中| 欧美极品少妇xxxxⅹ喷水| 青青青草视频在线| 国内精品自线一区二区三区视频| 日韩成人久久久| 日本国产在线| av成人国产| 3atv一区二区三区| 超级污的网站| 久久91精品| 日韩欧美国产成人| 九色.com| 在线看成人短视频| 亚洲第一福利一区| 国产网站免费看| 亚洲不卡在线| 久久久精品中文字幕麻豆发布| 国模gogo一区二区大胆私拍 | 深夜视频一区二区| 99视频精品免费视频| 欧美成人激情图片网| 男女在线观看视频| 国产美女娇喘av呻吟久久| 色噜噜国产精品视频一区二区| 国产精品久久久久久福利| 男人操女人的视频在线观看欧美| 亚洲人在线视频| av影片在线看| 久久久噜噜噜| 亚洲丝袜在线视频| 欧美激情午夜| 激情成人午夜视频| 久久精品久久久久电影| 欧美黄色视屏| 国产福利一区在线观看| 欧美乱妇高清无乱码| 波多野结衣中文字幕久久| 国产精品综合一区二区| 九九热在线视频观看这里只有精品| 亚洲成av人片| 俺去啦最新官网| 国产一区网站| 欧美亚洲日本国产| 麻豆免费网站| 亚洲视频碰碰| 日韩激情片免费| 国产欧美黑人| 国产精品一区免费视频| 欧美黄色www| 欧美性xxx| 国产精品欧美一区喷水| 国产1区2区| 亚洲午夜久久| 欧美色倩网站大全免费| 深夜福利av| 欧美成人国产| 亚洲精品一区二区三区四区高清| 久热av在线| 国产电影一区在线| 九九热r在线视频精品| 日本一区二区电影| 1000精品久久久久久久久| 青青操在线观看视频| 日韩综合网站| 精品美女在线观看| 免费黄色在线观看| 国产91精品一区二区麻豆网站 | 亚洲剧场午夜在线观看| 国产情侣一区在线| 亚洲国产精品一区二区久久 | 欧美激情二区| 成人免费视频视频在线观看免费 | 一本一道久久a久久精品综合蜜臀| 亚洲欧美中文日韩在线v日本| 久久99精品久久久久久野外| 国产精品中文有码|